Le aziende dell'auto e la Brexit

Sulla Brexit ho letto tanto. Ma è la prima volta che trovo qualcosa di specifico direttamente dal mondo automotive. Si, c’è una lettera della Honda, che avvisa la May che in caso di barriere doganali loro lasceranno il Regno Unito, ci sono altre prese di posizione di singole case. Ma questa è una posizione ufficiale dell’ACEA, l’Associazione Europea dei Costruttori di Auto. Ed è molto articolata.

Un primo articolo è questo (vi faccio copia/incolla del comunicato in inglese. Se non avete familiarità con la lingua, usate deepl.com per tradurlo in italiano):

Brexit: EU auto makers call for urgent action to solve sector-specific issues

Brussels, 19 March 2018 – Just a few days ahead of the EU summit, where the 27 heads of state are set to approve the European Council’s Brexit guidelines, the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) is calling on the negotiators to pay urgent attention to sector-specific issues in order to avert potentially disastrous implications on the entire automotive supply chain.

A big concern for the industry is whether cars approved by UK authorities will still be able to be sold in the EU after Brexit, and vice versa. EU law requires that cars are tested by a national technical service to verify compliance with EU environmental, safety and security standards, before they can be put on the market anywhere in the European Union – the so-called ‘type approval’ system.

“It is essential that manufacturers can maintain valid type approvals in both the EU and the UK as of 30 March 2019, no matter where the approval was issued,” stated ACEA Secretary General, Erik Jonnaert. “We are therefore calling on the European Commission to clarify how existing approvals can be transferred from an EU27 authority to the UK, and the other way around.” ACEA also recommends that the EU and the UK mutually recognise each other’s vehicle approvals after Brexit – something which would only be possible if the UK remains fully aligned with all relevant EU legislation.

Another major question mark is whether the UK car market, the second biggest in the EU, will still count for reaching the 2021 CO2 targets. To monitor compliance with these targets, the CO2 performance of new cars is being tracked using registration data from all EU countries, including the UK. Once the UK leaves the EU however, it will no longer be subject to the CO2 targets. In theory, the requirement to include UK data in the fleet CO2 calculations will then also expire.

Jonnaert: “Excluding UK data from the CO2 calculations would leave very limited time for the industry to readjust compliance strategies for reaching the stringent 2021 targets.” ACEA’s first priority is therefore to keep the system as it is today, with overall fleet compliance being based on CO2 data from the 27 EU member states, plus the UK.

Furthermore, given that the business operations of the auto industry are based on smooth ‘just-in-time’ and ‘just-in-sequence’ deliveries, any new customs checks as a result of Brexit would add cost, cause delays and threaten productivity. In the worst-case scenario, they could even lead to assembly line stoppages. “The UK deciding to remain in a customs union with the EU would of course be an effective solution to enable frictionless trade in goods between the EU and UK,” Jonnaert explained.

“But, regardless of which Brexit scenario is pursued, it is essential that EU and UK authorities already now start preparing to simplify customs procedures and to reinforce their customs capacity. Otherwise we will see severe land and sea-port congestion at both sides of the Channel once the UK leaves the EU.”

Lastly, the potential application of tariffs (10% for passenger cars and 10% or 22% for commercial vehicles) in a so-called ‘cliff-edge’ scenario would be extremely burdensome for automobile manufacturers and consumers alike.

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Poi c’è la posizione ufficiale, con l’introduzione che vi riporto qui sotto. Il testo completo, con i link ai dati e al “position paper” lo trovate cliccando QUI

19/3/2018
Today, automobile manufacturers operate more than 300 assembly and production plants across the European continent. They often manufacture components – like engines and transmissions – in one country, and assemble the final vehicle in another. Auto makers are part of a highly integrated and complex manufacturing network spanning right across Europe.

Needless to say, the European Single Market has been fundamental to the success of this business model by providing for a high level of economic and regulatory integration. Any changes to this deep economic and regulatory integration between the EU and the United Kingdom will have an adverse impact on auto manufacturers with operations in the EU or UK.

In April 2017, the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) issued its first position paper on Brexit, with the aim of highlighting the potential damage that Brexit could do to the industry’s competitiveness.

Now, ACEA has published a new position paper that dives deeper into the key automotive issues that need to be addressed in the current political negotiations. This includes constructive recommendations from the auto industry on how various sector-specific issues should be managed; including type approval, compliance with the EU’s CO2 targets set for 2021 and customs procedures.

To that end, this paper will look at Brexit from the following viewpoints:

The withdrawal agreement and the transitional arrangement;
The framework for the future relationship;
Key future relationship issues;
The no-agreement ‘cliff-edge’ scenario.